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Lumbering in British Columbia
Exploitation forestière en Colombie-Britannique

This 1925 film highlights British Columbia’s logging railways. It features a 20-second black-and-white silent clip of a BC Electric flatcar being loaded, then a shot of a locomotive and train carrying large loads of raw logs. The train then moves out on its way to a mill, passing a small station. In the old-time tradition of silent pictures, the film includes an intertitle about railways and lumber.

Logging railways were a widespread and important component of BC’s forest industry from the early 1900s until the mid-1950s. Although lumbering in BC did not begin in earnest until the 1850s, BC was producing half of Canada’s annual cut of timber by the late 1920s.

Logging railways were built for one purpose—to transport timber from the areas where it was cut, to a mill or to the nearest water body where the logs could be sorted and rafted to a mill for processing into lumber or related products. Reliable operation was essential, as large mills could not operate at maximum efficiency without a continuing source of logs. Because the logging railways were seldom built to carry general freight or passengers, few were operated under government charter. Most were built as temporary systems, designed to last only as long as the local timber supply, thus they differed considerably in construction standards and equipment from mainline railways such as the Canadian Pacific or Canadian National, or even the branch lines of these major railway companies.

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Ce film de 1925 montre les chemins de fer forestiers de la Colombie-Britannique. Il comprend un clip muet noir et blanc de vingt secondes d’un wagon plat de BC Electric en train d’être chargé, puis une prise d’une locomotive et d’un train transportant de gros chargements de billots. Puis, le train s’éloigne en route vers une scierie et passe devant une petite gare. Selon l’ancienne tradition des films muets, le film comprend un intertitre sur les chemins de fer et l’exploitation forestière.

Les chemins de fer forestiers étaient répandus et un élément important de l’industrie forestière de la Colombie-Britannique à partir du début des années 1900 jusqu’au milieu des années 1950. Même si l’industrie forestière de la Colombie-Britannique n’a pas commencé concrètement avant les années 1850, la Colombie-Britannique produisait la moitié de la production annuelle de bois à la fin des années 1920.

Les chemins de fers forestiers ont été construits pour une raison : transporter le bois des régions où il était coupé à une scierie ou au cours d’eau le plus près où les billots pouvaient être triés ou flottés vers une scierie pour être transformé en bois d’œuvre ou d’autres produits. L’exploitation fiable était essentielle, car les grosses scieries ne pouvaient pas fonctionner sans une source continuelle de billots. Parce que les chemins de fer forestiers étaient rarement construits pour transporter des marchandises générales ou des passagers, peu d’entre eux étaient exploités sous une charte gouvernementale. La plupart étaient construits en tant que systèmes temporaires conçus pour durer aussi longtemps que l’approvisionnement local de bois et leurs normes de construction et équipements différaient considérablement des chemins de fer principaux comme le Canadien Pacifique ou le Canadien National ou même des routes secondaires de ces principales compagnies de chemin de fer.

Details

Selected by: Royal British Columbia Museum and Archives
Date 1925
Record AAAA4242 V1989:31/001.02

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