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CPR contractor’s inspection car
CPR contractor’s inspection car

 “A transcontinental railway within 10 years.” This promise by Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald helped persuade the Colony of British Columbia to join the Canadian Confederation in 1871.

The Pacific Section of the Canadian Pacific Railway would traverse some extremely rugged and dangerous terrain, from deep river canyons to high mountain passes. In 1880, New York engineer Andrew Onderdonk was given the contract to build the section from Port Moody to Eagle Pass, near Revelstoke, BC. This photograph shows workers inspecting newly laid line.

Onderdonk imported thousands of Chinese workers to meet the project’s immense labour needs. In all, an estimated 15,000 came to BC, where they played a crucial role in building the railway, especially the difficult western sections. They faced discrimination, danger, low pay and harsh conditions. At least 600 died as the result of accidents, exposure, illness and malnutrition. In May 2014, the BC government formally apologized to Chinese Canadians for this and other historical wrongs.

On November 7, 1885, the eastern and western sections of the railway met at Craigellachie, where the symbolic last spike was driven, and the next year on July 4, the first passenger train arrived in Port Moody from Montreal. Thus, the prime minister’s promise was fulfilled, bringing the young country’s westernmost province new opportunities for settlement, trade and communication. 

This photograph is part of BC Archives PR-1803 Andrew J. Onderdonk fonds, which houses 328 photographs of the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, Pacific Section.

« Un chemin de fer transcontinental en dix ans ». Cette promesse du premier ministre Sir John A. Macdonald a aidé à persuader la colonie de la Colombie-Britannique à se joindre à la Confédération canadienne en 1871.

La section pacifique du Chemin de fer Canadien Pacifique allait traverser des terrains accidentés et dangereux, allant de profonds canyons de rivière à de hauts cols de montagne. En 1880, l’ingénieur new-yorkais Andrew Onderdonk a obtenu le contrat pour construire la section allant de Port Moody à Eagle Pass, près de Revelstoke. Cette photo montre des travailleurs inspectant la nouvelle voie ferrée.

Onderdonk a importé des milliers de travailleurs chinois pour répondre aux immenses besoins du projet en main-d’œuvre. En tout, on estimait que 15 000 sont venus en Colombie-Britannique où ils ont joué un rôle crucial dans la construction du chemin de fer, particulièrement dans les sections difficiles de l’ouest. Ils ont fait face à la discrimination, à de faibles salaires et à des conditions difficiles. Au moins 600 sont morts à la suite d’accidents, d’exposition aux éléments, de maladies et de malnutrition. En mai 2014, le gouvernement de la Colombie-Britannique a officiellement présenté ses excuses aux Canadiens d’origine chinoise pour ce tort et d’autres torts historiques.

Le 7 novembre 1885, les sections est et ouest du chemin de fer se sont rencontrées à Craigellachie, où le dernier crampon symbolique a été planté. L’année suivante, le 4 juillet, le premier train de passagers est arrivé à Port Moody en provenance de Montréal. Ainsi, la promesse du premier ministre a été réalisée, procurant à la province la plus à l’ouest du jeune pays de nouvelles possibilités de colonisation, de commerce et de communication.

Cette photo fait partie du fonds Andrew J. Onderdonk PR-1803 des Archives de la Colombie-Britannique, qui hébergent 328 photos de la construction du Chemin de fer Canadien Pacifique, section du Pacifique.

Details

Selected by: Royal British Columbia Museum and Archives
Date 1883
Record D-08813

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